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Importantes consejos
Referente a muchas personas que necesitan atender sus necesidades emocionales y el cuidado de familiares enfermos.mportantes consejos
Referente a muchas personas que necesitan atender sus necesidades emocionales y el cuidado de familiares enfermos.
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Persistence of Xanthohumol from Hops During Brewing
Persistence of Xanthohumol from Hops During Brewing
No. 37 (1998) BRAUWELT 1677
A. Forster and A. Köberlein
Summary: This article discusses investigations on the dosage of xanthohumol and its persistence during the brewing process. This may provide an indication whether xanthohumol from beer may have a physiological effect or whether it is a substance that is interesting in principle.
Introduction
Recently, there have been several reports that xanthohumol from hops may have a cancer-inhibiting effect. These reports refer to research conducted at Oregon State University. Engelhardt, among others, reported on the corresponding investigations (Hopfen-Rundschau No. 6 of June 1, 1998, pp. 152-153). The initial tests were designed on an in-vitro basis; there are no results available on living organisms. The in-vitro tests show anticarcinogenic effects with xanthohumol quantities of 10 to 100 mmol. This would correspond to approximately 0.35 to 3.5 mg xanthohumol/kg test solution.
Xanthohumol in Hops
Xanthohumol is one of many flavonoids in hops and belongs to the chalcone group. Typically, polyphenols are concentrated in the leaves of the hop cone and have polar, hot water-soluble properties. Thus, non-polar solvents such as CO2 or hexane do not detect polyphenols. With the production of ethanol extracts, polyphenols, impaired by thermal stress, are found in the hot water extract but not in the pure resin extract.
Lupulin enriched pellets are created by separating spindle and leaf portions from lupulin. As a result, polyphenols are screened out in the oversize material together with the waste fraction. Depending on the degree of enrichment, at least half of the tannins from the hop reach the type 45 pellets. The distance on higher-molecular polyphenols is thereby proportionally above that of low-molecular polyphenols since the cone spindle is richer in higher-molecular polyphenols.
Thus, while all other flavonoids are hot water soluble to a great extent, the non-polar xanthohumol forms an exception. Together with the resins and oils, it is the only polyphenol that accumulates in the lupin gland and not in the leaf material and is therefore quantitatively recovered in type 45 pellets. In supercritical CO2 (e.g., 300 bar pressure, 50° C), xanthohumol is soluble only in traces. Ethanol, by contrast, can dissolve xanthohumol. Consequently, for conventional hop products, polyphenols and xanthohumol are recovered as shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Recovery of polyphenols and xanthohumol in hop products in % rel. with respect to raw hops
Recovery in % rel. to raw hops
Polyphenols Xanthohumol
Pellets type 90 100 approx. 100
Pellets type 45 > 50 - 95 approx. 95
Ethanol resin extract < 5 approx. 90
CO2 resin extract 0 < 5
Fig. 1. HPLC chromatogram of a complete resin extract according to Analytica EBC 7.5 with xanthohumol, humulones and lupulones; X = xanthohumol, H = humulone, L = lupulone
[See original for figure]
Xanthohumol may be separated and quantified by high-pressure liquid chromatography. The analysis of xanthohumol provides an interesting companion aspect. With the normal dissolving process according to Analytica-EBC 7.5, xanthohumol appears in the Wöllmer total resin extract as shown by the HPLC chromatogram in Fig. 1. A soft resin extract using the non-polar hexane as solvent does not contain any xanthohumol. Thus, xanthohumol is inevitably determined as a component of the Wöllmer hard resin, which strictly speaking is incorrect. This explains why a proportion of hard resin may be analytically determined in absolutely freshly harvested or even green undried hops without, in fact, any oxidation or aging of bitter acid having taken place.
Boiling Test with Xanthohumol in the Laboratory
If hop pellets are boiled in wort, xanthohumol is converted into isoxanthohumol. In principle, something similar to the isomerization of a-acids to iso-a-acids is taking place. Fig. 2 shows a HPLC chromatogram of a laboratory wort after a boiling time of 20 minutes. Fig. 3 gives the concentrations of xanthohumol and isoxanthohumol during boiling on a laboratory scale, whereby 7.5 mg xanthohumol/l were dosed in the form of spent hops as they accrue after CO2 extraction. In the laboratory, xanthohumol may thus be converted into isoxanthohumol.
Fig. 2. HPLC chromatogram of a wort with isoxanthohumol, xanthohumol, isohumulones and humulones; X = xanthohumol, IX = isoxanthohumol, Iso = isohumulone, H = humulone
Fig. 3 Concentration of xanthohumol and isoxanthohumol during boiling of a laboratory wort
[See original for figures]
Table 2. Control of xanthohumol and isoxanthohumol during brewing (in mg/l wort or beer at a dosage of 5.0 mg xanthohumol/l wort)
Collected Pitching Green beer Storage tank beer Beer after filtration Beer after PVPP
wort wort treatment
X/ mg/l 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.07 0.04 0.02
Isoxl/ 1.5 1.6 1.3 0.83 0.73 0.50
T/mg/l 1.9 2.0 1.5 0.90 0.77 0.52
R/ % rel. 38 40 30 18 15 10
Xanthohumol in Brewing
In our research brewery, we used approximately 200 l of collected wort, which will be the subject of a separate report, to track the persistence of xanthohumol. The results have been averaged since they were nearly identical in three brews.
Dosing was in the form of type 45 pellets of the variety Hallertau Hallertauer Tradition with 0.5% xanthohumol and 8% a-acids in three doses. The boiling process over 90 min. was conducted as follows:
*5 minutes after the start of boiling, 1st dose: 40 mg a-acids/l and 2.5 mg xanthohumol/l
*30 minutes after the start of boiling, 2nd dose: 24 mg a-acids/l and 1.5 mg xanthohumol/l
*80 minutes after the start of boiling, 3rd dose: 16 mg a-acids/l and 1.0 mg xanthohumol/l
*Total 80 mg a-acid/l and 5.0 mg xanthohumol/l
After the whirlpool, fermentation in two ZKGs [unknown abbreviation] of 100 l each at a maximum of 9° C (7 days) was followed by three weeks of cold storage. A kieselguhr precoat process was used for filtering and a fine particle and sterile filter for subsequent secondary clarifying. A portion of the filtered beer was treated with 50 g PVPP/hl.
Table 2 shows the stage control of the beer and the recovery rates of xanthohumol and isoxanthohumol. During brewing, a large proportion of the two flavonoids is eliminated. Only approximately 10 - 20% may be recovered. Xanthohumol and isoxanthohumol are obviously well absorbed on trub and are permanently depleted during fermentation and storage. The maximum isoxanthohumol quantity we have been able to measure in commercial beers was only 1.5 mg/l. The higher elimination rate of xanthohumol and isoxanthohumol compared to other polyphenols may be explained by the non-polar character of these substances.
Assessing the Results
Confirmation of an anticarcinogenic effect of xanthohumol and isoxanthohumol by further tests would certainly benefit the image of hops and beer. A relevant, direct physiological effect through beer consumption is questionable, however, and is best not discussed at the present time. Initial extrapolations result in beer quantities that would have to be consumed on the order of 25 - 250 l per person per day. In view of the low yield of xanthohumol and isoxanthohumol during brewing and the extremely high beer consumption required, discussions on the selection of suitable hop varieties or hop products are not very meaningful. The significance of xanthohumol and isoxanthohumol in beer should not influence qualitative and economic decisions on hop varieties and products.
This should not affect considerations to study not only xanthohumol but also the entire polyphenol group (see also, for example, EBC-Manual of Good Practice “Hops and Hop Products,” p. 183., Verlag Hans Carl, Nuremberg, 1997, ISBN 3-418-00758-9, and EBC Proceedings of the 25th Congress, Brussels, pp. 143 - 150, 1995).
Isolation of Xanthohumol
If xanthohumol should indeed turn out to be physiologically interesting for the pharmaceutical industry, its direct isolation from hops will have to be considered. Points of departure could be extraction methods using a suitable organic solvent (alcohols such as methanol, ethanol; esters such as ethyl acetate; ketones such as acetone) after conventional CO2 extraction for the brewing industry to treat the xanthohumol-containing spent grains and obtain a xanthohumol-containing secondary extract. Another practicable method is the secondary processing of a xanthohumol-containing starting product such as an ethanol extract with a non-polar solvent (e.g. hexane or liquid or supercritical CO2) to obtain an soft resin extract and hop oil for the brewing industry and a xanthohumol-containing residual extract for the pharmaceutical industry. Corresponding investigations are in process.
Summary
An in-vitro study has attributed cancer inhibiting properties to xanthohumol, a hop flavonoid of the polyphenol group, and isoxanthohumol formed during wort boiling. With 0.1 to 1.0 wt % xanthohumol in hops (depending on the variety), possible dosages of approximately 3 - 8 mg xanthohumol/l of wort are extrapolated. In pilot brews, it was found that xanthohumol isomerizes to isoxanthohumol to a great extent, but that 80 to 90% of the dosed xanthohumol is eliminated during the brewing process. In view of effective dosages starting from 0.35 mg xanthohumol or isoxanthohumol per kg test solution - which would correspond to approximately 30 mg/person per day or an average of 30 l of beer per day - it is not possible to attribute a physiological effect to beer. This puts into perspective any recommendations for trying to influence the isoxanthohumol value in beer through the selection of hop varieties or hop products. Qualitative and economic considerations may continue to take priority.
These facts do not affect considerations on isolating xanthohumol from hops for pharmaceutical use. In general, the topic can only enhance beer’s image.
Xanthohumol: effective anti-inflammatory agent
Xanthohumol: effective anti-inflammatory agent
Since the 1990s, interest in health-promoting activities of hop-derived constituents, including prenyl flavonoids and hop bitter acids, increased constantly, and scientific investigations were initialized worldwide (reviewed in Ref. 1-4).
Hop is an excellent source of xanthohumol
Zoom in Xanthohumol is found in the female hop plant (Humulus lupulus L.)
Xanthohumol is a prenylated chalcone derived from hop (Humulus lupulus L.). In hop, the yellow compound (Greek: xantho = yellow) is found in high quantities in the lupulin glands of the female inflorescence.
Xanthohumol is part of our diet mainly in the form of beer or beer mix drinks. Due to the thermal conversion of Xanthohumol to the isoflavanone isoxanthohumol during the brewing process, the concentration of xanthohumol in beer, however, is very low (approximately 0.1 mg/l in German style lager beers).
In vitro investigations
In 2002, we identified xanthohumol as a broad-spectrum cancer chemopreventive agent acting by multiple mechanisms relevant for the prevention of carcinogenesis in the initiation, promotion and progression phase (5).
Xanthohumol is able to scavenge a variety of physiological relevant radicals including peroxyl-, hydroxyl-, and superoxide anion-radicals. Anti-initiating mechanisms also include the modulation of enzymes involved in carcinogen metabolism and detoxification.
Xanthohumol was characterized as an effective anti-inflammatory agent. It was found to inhibit both cyclooxygenases Cox-1 and Cox-2 and was shown to decrease LPS-mediated iNOS induction in cultured Raw 264.7 murine macrophages.
Using alkaline phosphatase induction in the Ishikawa cell line, xanthohumol was identified as an anti-estrogen without possessing estrogenic potential. It also inhibits aromatase (Cyp19) activity.
With respect to anti-proliferative mechanisms, XN was shown to decrease human recombinant DNA polymerase alpha activity, and to inhibit DNA synthesis in MDA MB 435 human breast cancer cells. Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) cleavage, activation of caspases-3, -7, -8, and 9 and downregulation of Bcl-2 protein expression were found to contribute to apoptosis induction in cultured human colon cancer cells (6).
Importantly, xanthohumol at nanomolar concentrations prevented carcinogen-induced preneoplastic lesions in mouse mammary gland organ culture (MMOC), providing a first direct indication for its chemopreventive potential (5).
Bioavailability and metabolism
We investigated the oral bioavailability of xanthohumol in a kinetic experiment. Xanthohumol was applied by gavage to female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats at a single dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight (bw).The Xanthohumol-4′-O-glucuronide was identified as the major metabolite with a Tmax at 4 h and a Cmax of 3.1µM, whereas unmetabolized xanthohumol was detectable with a Cmax of 0.34µM (equal to 0.12µg/ml) 4 h post-administration. About 90% of the applied xanthohumol was recovered unmetabolized from faeces after 24 and 48h. Sixteen novel metabolites were isolated from faecal samples in addition to six previously known metabolites (7).
Subchronic toxicity and in vivo activities
Safety after long-term application is a very important issue for compounds intended for the prevention of chronic diseases. Hussong et al. demonstrated weak hepatotoxicity when xanthohumol w
as applied for four weeks at a daily dose of 1000 mg/kg per day to female SD rats (8). At a 10-fold lower concentration (in drinking water), however, xanthohumol did not show any toxic effects, but reduced malondialdehyde levels as an indication of oxidative stress induced by a single s.c. application of LPS (10 mg/kg bw).
Anti-estrogenic effects of xanthohumol were confirmed in vivo. In an uterotrophy assay with prepubertal rats, xanthohumol treatment (100 mg/kg bw/day) lowered unstimulated as well as ethinylestradiol-induced uterine weights by about 30% (11). Xanthohumol did not cause any adverse effect on female reproduction and on the development of offspring when given either for four weeks prior to or during mating, gestation and nursing. Treatment of male rats prior to mating significantly (p = 0.027) increased the sex ratio of male to female offspring (9).
References:
1. Stevens, J.F., Page, J.E. Phytochemistry 2004, 65, 1317-1330.
2. Kondo, K. Biofactors 2004, 22, 303-310.
3. Gerhauser, C., Eur. J. Cancer, 2005, 41, 1941-1954.
4. Gerhauser, C., Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2005, 49, 827-831.
5. Gerhauser, C. et al., Mol. Cancer Ther. 2002, 1, 959-969.
6. Pan, L. et al., Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2005, 49, 837-843.
7. Nookandeh, A., et al., Phytochemistry 2004, 65, 561 -570.
8. Hussong, R., et al., Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2005, 49, 861-867.
9. Hussong, R. et al., Onkologie 2005, 28 (Suppl. 2), 44.
More powerful antioxidants than vitamin E
The discovery could lead to healthier beers and food supplements.
Researchers in Germany say that a
cancer-fighting substance found in hops could be enhanced to brew a special anti-cancer beer.
One day when you hold up a glass and say, “To your health,” you would actually be toasting a triumph of the brewer’s art over disease.
The preliminary studies indicate xanthohumol, found in hops, inhibits a family of enzymes that can trigger the cancer process, as well as help the body detoxify carcinogens, according to the science newswire Ivanhoe.
“It’s very healthy. I think the ingredients in the beer are very good,” says Dr Werner Back, a brewing technology expert at the Technical University of Munich.
Xanthohumol contains more powerful antioxidants than vitamin E and some studies indicate it helps reduce oxidation of bad cholesterol, the newswire reported.
“Xanthohumol has been shown to be a very active substance against cancer,” says Dr Markus Herrmann, also of Munich. “It comes in small sticky beads, which you find within the hops.”
Hops have always been known to possess medicinal properties and are used in herbal medicines as a muscle relaxant. Other compounds found in hops are potent phytoestrogens. Scientists say these compounds could ultimately help prevent post-menopausal hot flashes and osteoporosis.
Now scientists hav
e discovered hops contain xanthohumol, a powerful antioxidant.
“It comes in small, sticky beads, which you find within the hops,” says Herrmann.
Xanthohumol shuts down enzymes called cytochromes P-4; they can activate the cancer process. It also helps the body detoxify carcinogens, stopping tumour growth at an early stage.
Preliminary studies at Oregon State University show that xanthohumol can kill breast, colon, ovarian, and prostate cancers, the newswire reported.
But don’t toast your health too soon. The German researchers warn that it would take 60 regular beers to equal the amount of xanthohumol researchers are able to brew in this one beer.
That’s why scientists are now working on ways to give all beers higher levels of Xanthohumol, and even find ways to add it to other foods, like chocolate.
And they say, just like chocolate - the darker the beer, the better it is for you.
Cancer chemopreventive activity of Xanthohumol
Cancer chemopreventive activity of Xanthohumol, a natural product derived from hop.
Gerhauser C, Alt A, Heiss E, Gamal-Eldeen A, Klimo K, Knauft J, Neumann I, Scherf HR, Frank N, Bartsch H, Becker H.
Deutsches Krebstforschungszentrum, Abteilung Toxikologie und Krebsrisikofaktoren, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. c.gerhauser@dkfz.de
Characterization and use of effective cancer chemopreventive agents have become important issues in public health-related research. Aiming to identify novel potential chemopreventive agents, we have established an interrelated series of bioassay systems targeting molecular mechanisms relevant for the prevention of tumor development. We report anticarcinogenic properties of Xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated chalcone from hop (Humulus Iupulus L.) with an exceptional broad spectrum of inhibitory mechanisms at the initiation, promotion, and progression stage of carcinogenesis. Consistent with anti-initiating potential, XN potently modulates the activity of enzymes involved in carcinogen metabolism and detoxification. Moreover, XN is able to scavenge reactive oxygen species, including hydroxyl- and peroxyl radicals, and to inhibit superoxide anion radical and nitric oxide production. As potential antitumor-promoting mechanisms, it demonstrates anti-inflammatory properties by inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 activity and is antiestrogenic without possessing intrinsic estrogenic potential. Antiproliferative mechanisms of XN to prevent carcinogenesis in the progression phase include inhibition of DNA synthesis and induction of cell cycle arrest in S phase, apoptosis, and cell differentiation. Importantly, XN at nanomolar concentrations prevents carcinogen-induced preneoplastic lesions in mouse mammary gland organ culture. Because XN is easily cyclized to the flavanone isoxanthohumol, activities of both compounds were compared throughout the study. Together, our data provide evidence for the potential application of XN as a novel, readily available chemopreventive agent, and clinical investigations are warranted once efficacy and safety in animal models have been established.
Vitamins are counted among the antioxidants
Antioxidants
Vitamins and secondary plant chemical substances such as polyphenols and particularly here the flavonoids are counted among the antioxidants. While the market potential may be largely exhausted for vitamins, the secondary plant chemical substances are about to experience a boom. Already today, due to their physiological effect, they are being called the “vitamins of the 21st century”.
Xanthohumol - a new dimension of antioxidant potential
Recent scientific studies substantiate the enormous potential of xanthohumol, a substance found in hops. Its preventative effect against a number of civilisation diseases has been observed in in vitro trials. In particular, the high potential against cancer was surprising: in the MMOC test the substance showed a 200 times stronger effect against breast cancer than resveratrol, a substance found in red wine. In further in vitro studies xanthohumol was effective against more than 60 human cancer cells - and at all stages of the development of the cancer: from initiation to growth to metastasis formation. This places xanthohumol in the category of the most promising antioxidants existing.
To date xanthohumol has demonstrated effectiveness potential in in vitro trials against:
• Osteoporosis
• Arteriosclerosis
• Cardiovascular disease
• Cardiac infarction
• Strokes
• HIV viruses
• Human cancers such as leukaemia, lung cancer, colon cancer, melanoma, breast cancer and numerous other cancers.
N.I.C. is constantly seeking the most potent active ingredients in nature. We offer ultrapure xanthohumol to our clients in the food, health food, cosmetics and pharmaceutics industries as specifically enriched hops extract and as flavonoid-rich mixed extract.
Along with xanthohumol and xantohumol-rich hops extracts we carry a variety of other antioxidants as extracts or pure substances in our range.
Xanthohumol is a prenylated chalcone found naturally in Hop
Xanthohumol
Nutrition Research
Xanthohumol
from Hop (humulus lupulus)
Xanthohumol is a prenylated chalcone found naturally in Hop (humulus lupulus). This prenylated flavonoid has been shown to be a potent bioactive compound. Xanthohumol has been shown to have antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects in human cancer cell lines.1,2 It has also been displayed to inhibit diacylglycerol acetyltransferase (DGAT)3 and human P450 enzymes. Xanthohumol inhibits the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF under hypoxic conditions.
Higher antioxidant activity is reported for prenylchalcones than for prenylflavanones in the Cu2+-mediated oxidation of LDL, suggesting a relation between structure and function.4 Also, many chalcones suppress tumor promotion more effectively than flavonoids themselves.5
Quantities of xanthohumol found in Hop are too small to have any biological effects under normal consumption amounts.
Product Number: X0379
Molecular Formula: C21H22O5
Molecular Weight: 354.40
Preparation Instructions
Soluble in DMSO at 25 mg/ml. Also soluble in ethanol at 10 mg/ml.
Storage Conditions
Store at 2-8 °C. Under these conditions the product is stable for at least 2 years.
References
1. Miranda, C.L. et. al., Antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of prenylated flavonoids from hops (Humulus lupulus) in human cancer cell lines. Food Chem. Toxicol. 37, 271-285, (1999)
2. Delmulle, L. et. al., Antiproliferative properties of prenylated flavonoids from hops (Humulus lupulus L.) in human prostate cancer cell lines. Phytomedicine 13, 732-734, (2006)
3. Tabata, N. et. al., Xanthohumols, diacylglycerol acyltransferase inhibitors, from Humulus lupulus. Phytochemistry 46, 683-687, (1997)
4. Miranda, C.L., et. al., Antioxidant and prooxidant actions of prenylated and nonprenylated chalcones and flavanones in vitro. J. Agric. Food Chem 48, 3876-3884, (2000)
5. Dimmock, J. R., et. al., Bioactivities of chalcones. Curr. Med. Chem. 6, 1125-1149, (1999)
Shocking news! Beer is good for you
Shocking news! Beer is good for you
Tasty Suds for August 17, 2006
By Cold, Hard Football Facts stud Lew Bryson
The foundation of the Cold, Hard Football Facts is built upon the bedrock of contrarian analysis. We refute conventional wisdom simply because this “wisdom” is so often wrong and - even better - is so often easy to prove wrong if you simply look at the facts.
The same pursuit of the shocking truth applies to our other main area of expertise: tasty malt beverages.
Our buddy beer gets a bum rap from, well, just about everybody. The myths about beer are so pervasive that they’re deeply ingrained in our culture. Virtually every single person on the planet, for example, believes that beer is loaded with carbohydrates. It’s not. And when a fat guy jiggles up the stadium stairs, everyone points to his “beer belly” - even if beer had nothing to do with his obese, disgusting form.
The truth is that beer - in moderation - is pretty damn healthy. In fact, that’s me right there in the photo, practicing, and not just preaching, proper dietary technique.
Here are 10 reasons why you should include our buddy beer as part of your healthy diet, too.
1. Beer drinkers live longer
Moderate drinking is good for you, and beer is good for moderate drinking. Everyone knows that if you drink too much, it’s not good for you. Let’s not pull punches: If you’re a drunk, you run into things, you drive into things, you get esophageal cancer, you get cirrhosis and eventually you wind up looking like Ernest Borgnine and sounding like … well, like Mel Gibson. But more and more medical research indicates that if you don’t drink at all, that’s not good for you either. You probably wind up looking like Don Knotts. According to numerous independent studies, moderate drinkers live longer and better than drunks or teetotalers. Beer is perfect for moderate drinking because of its lower alcohol content and larger volume compared with wine or spirits. And as that old radical Thomas Jefferson said, “Beer, if drank with moderation, softens the temper, cheers the spirit, and promotes health.” And he didn’t need a $10-million scientific study to tell him that.
2. Beer is all-natural
Some know-it-alls will tell you that beer is loaded with additives and preservatives. The truth is that beer is as all-natural as orange juice or milk (maybe even more so - some of those milk & OJ labels will surprise you). Beer doesn’t need preservatives because it has alcohol and hops, both of which are natural preservatives. Beer is only “processed” in the sense that bread is: It is cooked and fermented, then filtered and packaged. Your local microbrewery advertises their beer as “hops, malt, yeast, and water - and that’s all.” That’s great, but guess what: The same can be said for Heineken. Add some rice and you’ve got Budweiser. The various beer additives some people will trot out - including some microbrewers, who really should know better - are not necessarily present in all beers; they are additives that are allowed by law. The difference? You’re allowed by law to date the Naughty Nurse from the Three Wishes Lingerie catalog. But that doesn’t mean she’ll be giving you an oral exam Friday night.
3. Beer is low in calories, low in carbohydrates and has no fat or cholesterol
For a completely natural beverage, beer offers serious low-calorie options. Twelve ounces of Guinness has the same number of calories as 12 ounces of skim milk: about 125. That’s less than orange juice (150 calories), which is about the same as your standard, “full-calorie” beer. If beer were your only source of nutrition, you’d have to drink one every waking hour just to reach your recommended daily allowance of calories (2,000 to 2,500). And nobody’s recommending you drink that many.
Some light beers go even lower: 95 or 96 calories for Amstel Light, Bud Light, Michelob Ultra, Miller Lite, Yuengling Light Lager or Iron City “IC” Light. Wine has about 110 calories in a so-called “standard” 5-ounce serving. But you’ll get more than that per glass in almost any restaurant. It’s also surprising to most people that, ounce for ounce, wine has twice the calories of beer.
The only natural drinks with fewer calories than beer are plain tea, black coffee and water.
Surely, beer is loaded with those fattening carbohydrates, right? Wrong again. The average beer has about 12 grams of carbs per 12-ounce serving. The U.S. Recommended Daily Allowance is 300 grams of carbohydrates in a standard 2,000-calorie diet. In other words, you would need to drink an entire 24-pack case of beer - and then reach into a second case - simply to reach the government’s recommended daily allotment of carbohydrates. You’re better off munching an apple or drinking some soda pop if you want to carbo-load. Each has about 35 to 40 grams of carbs - three times the number found in a beer.
And even though it makes me say “duh” when I just think it, beer has no fat or cholesterol.
4. Beer improves your cholesterol
Beer not only has no cholesterol, it can actually improve the cholesterol in your body. In fact, drinking beer regularly and moderately will tilt your HDL/LDL cholesterol ratios the right way. You’ve got two kinds of cholesterol in your system: HDL, the “good” cholesterol that armor-plates your veins and keeps things flowing, and LDL, the “bad” cholesterol that builds up in your veins like sludge in your bathtub drain. Beer power-flushes the system and keeps the HDL levels up. According to some studies, as little as one beer a day can boost your HDL by up to 4 percent. Smooth, baby.
5. Beer helps you chill - and chillin’ is healthy
If you get out from under the heavy, black-and-white thought processes of American medicine, you’ll find that other western medical practitioners recognize that the social aspects of moderate drinking are solidly beneficial to your health. Much like the relatively low-risk pleasures of an occasional pipe of tobacco by a pub fireplace, drinking a beer in a social setting has health benefits that are every bit as solid as the oft-noted benefits of laughing, owning a dog, taking a vacation or … getting married. It’s perfectly healthy, in other words, to get out every now and then and relax with your buddies over a couple of beers. (Now you just have to convince your wife … good luck with that.)
For the record: Advanced European medical practices are evident in this photo, which shows members of the Cold, Hard Football Facts crew demonstrating healthy, relaxing beer-consumption techniques with their buddies in a Zurich barroom, armed with a few Swiss Army rifles. There is no evidence yet that beer AND guns are part of a healthy diet, but when the research is complete, we’ll let you know. In the meantime, here’s an easy-to-follow little formula those plucky, gun-loving Swiss use as a guide:
* Loaded man + unloaded gun = O.K.
* Loaded gun + unloaded man = O.K.
* Loaded man + loaded gun = Not O.K.
6. Beer has plenty o’ B vitamins
Beer, especially unfiltered or lightly filtered beer, turns out to be quite nutritious, despite the years of suppression of those facts by various anti-alcohol groups. Beer has high levels of B vitamins, particularly folic acid, which is believed to help prevent heart attacks. After all, they sell brewer’s yeast tablets in drug stores as vitamin B supplements; I take them myself. B vitamins also improve your metabolism (which is one reason moderate drinkers weigh less than teetotalers … more on that later). Beer also has soluble fiber, good for keeping you regular (doc talk for crapping every day), which in turn reduces the likelihood that your system will absorb unhealthy junk like fat. Beer also boasts significant levels of magnesium and potassium, in case you were planning on metal-plating your gut.
7. Beer is safer than water
If you’re someplace where you are advised not to drink the water, the local beer is always a safer bet. It’s even safer than the local bottled water. Beer is boiled in the brewing process and is kept clean afterwards right through the bottle being capped and sealed, because if it isn’t, it goes bad in obvious ways that make it impossible to sell. Even if it does go bad, though, there are no life-threatening bacteria bacteria (pathogens) that can live in beer. So drink up - even bad beer is safer than water.
8. Beer prevents heart attacks
If you want to get a bit more cutting-edge than vitamins, beer has other goodies for you. You’ve heard of the French Paradox, how the French eat their beautiful high-fat diet and drink their beautiful high-booze diet and smoke their nasty goat-hair cigarettes, but have rates of heart disease that are about one-third that of Americans? It’s been credited to red wine and the antioxidants it contains. Hey, guess what else has lots of antioxidants, as many as red wine? Dark beer! And all beer has some.
But it may not be worth your while to start stacking up the antioxidants, as long as you’re drinking moderately. According to the American Heart Association, “there is no clear evidence that wine is more beneficial than other forms of alcoholic drink.” One study profiled in the British Medical Journal in 1999 said that the moderate consumption of three drinks a day could reduce the risk of coronary heart disease by 24.7 percent.
9. Beer fights cancer
I’m sick of hearing about how great soy is for you. I’m sure you are, too. Because, let’s face it, soy is nasty. Well, here’s some great news for all of us soy-haters. The most amazing beer and health connection is something called xanthohumol, a flavonoid found only in hops. Xanthohumol is a potent antioxidant that inhibits cancer-causing enzymes, “much more potent than the major component in soy,” according Dr. Cristobal Miranda of the Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology at Oregon State University.
This xanthohumol stuff is so good for you that the Germans have actually brewed a beer with extra levels of it. They call it “Xan” and are marketing it as a health product, something that would get them shot at dawn by the anti-alcohol Nazis here in the States. Until the feds and doctors get their heads out of their butts about this, you can get your xanthohumol from überhoppy beers like Stone IPA.
10. Beer does not give you a beer belly
A study done by researchers at the University College of London and the Institut Klinické a Experimentální Medicíny in Prague in 2003 showed no connection between the amount of beer people drank and the size of their overhang.
“There is a common notion that beer drinkers are, on average, more ‘obese’ than either non-drinkers or drinkers of wine or spirits,” the researchers said. But they found that “the association between beer and obesity, if it exists, is probably weak.”
My personal experience supports this: I drink beer and my gut is shrinking - fast. I’m simply eating less. Gee, you lose weight if you ingest fewer calories. Who knew?
Most studies have found that people who drink beer regularly (and moderately) not only don’t develop beer bellies - they weigh less than non-drinkers. Beer can boost your metabolism, keep your body from absorbing fat and otherwise make you a healthier, less disgusting slob. Just drink it in moderation, as part of an otherwise healthy diet.
So that’s it. Drink beer. You’ll live longer and be happier. You won’t get fat. In fact, you may weigh less. You’ll boost your metabolism, improve your health and reduce your risk of clogged arteries, heart attack and cancer. What more could you want?
Hey, how about a beer?
***
Recommended reading
The Science of Healthy Drinking (2003) by Gene Ford. A comprehensive look at the beneficial aspects of beer, wine and spirits consumption. Published by The Wine Appreciation Guild, South San Francisco, CA; www.wineappreciation.com
http://www.brewersofeurope.org/. The Web site of a European brewers’ trade organization that contains a comprehensive look at beer and health
Sacred and Herbal Healing Beers (1998) by Stephen Harrod Buhner. A look at historic beer styles, unique herbal beers and their role in traditional medicine, with homebrew recipes. Published by Siris Books (an imprint of Brewers Publications), Boulder, CO.
El antioxidante para inhibir cáncer de próstata
El xanthohumol, antioxidante presente en la cerveza, podría inhibir el desarrollo de células malignas de cáncer de 
próstata
Nota de prensa Centro de Información Cerveza y Salud (14/12/2006)
El xanthohumol es un flavonoide presente en el lúpulo, uno de los ingredientes fundamentales de la cerveza.
El xanthohumol, un flavonoide presente en el lúpulo, uno de los ingredientes fundamentales de la cerveza, podría tener efectos preventivos frente al cáncer de próstata al inhibir la proliferación de células malignas. Esta es una de las principales conclusiones de una investigación realizada por la Universidad Estatal de Oregón (EEUU) y publicada en la revista Cancer Letters.
El objetivo del estudio era investigar los efectos antitumorales del xanthohumol tanto en el cáncer de próstata como en la hiperplasia benigna de próstata HBP (proceso no canceroso de crecimiento de la próstata). Los resultados de la investigación in vitro demostraron que el xanthohumol y el xanthoaurenol contenidos en la cerveza, pueden hacer decrecer la viabilidad celular e inhibir la proliferación de células malignas del cáncer de próstata en un 43% y un 55% respectivamente.
Según uno de los autores, Dr. J. Fred Stevens, «el xanthohumol es uno de los compuestos más significativos en la prevención de este tipo de cáncer». Los autores aconsejan, no obstante, la realización de estudios in vivo para complementar estos resultados.
Investigaciones científicas previas realizadas por esta misma Universidad estadounidense y por el German Cancer Research Center de Heidelberg (Alemania), confirmaban que el xanthohumol ejerce un papel antioxidante muy importante, incluso mayor que el de la vitamina E, ya que tiene la capacidad de inhibir una familia de enzimas que puede activar el proceso cancerígeno. Según varios trabajos realizados en esta Universidad alemana, el xanthohumol en concentraciones muy bajas evitaba las fases iniciales de carcinogénesis en las glándulas mamarias de ratones de laboratorio.
Otro estudio realizado por la Universidad de Oporto (Portugal), que valoraba el comportamiento de tres compuestos fenólicos (el resveratrol del vino tinto, el galato de epigalocatequina del té y el xanthohumol de la cerveza) en el control del crecimiento celular en el cáncer de mama, confirmaba que el xanthohumol fue el polifenol que más redujo las células cancerígenas en este tipo de cáncer.
El consumo moderado de cerveza puede ayudar a prevenir algunos tipos de cáncer, fundamentalmente el de mama, según aseguraron hoy diversos especialistas en Oncología durante el II Simposio Internacional de la Cerveza celebrado hoy en Madrid.
El doctor Norbert Frank, del ‘German Cancer Research’ de Heidelberg (Alemania) explicó que recientes trabajos científicos publicados confirman que el xanthohumol, uno de los flavonoides presentes en la cerveza, puede ayudar a prevenir ciertos tipos de cáncer, ya que ejerce un papel antioxidante muy importante, incluso mayor que el de la vitamina E, al contar con la capacidad de inhibir una familia de enzimas que puede activar el proceso cancerígeno.
Según los trabajos realizados por este investigador alemán, el xanthohumol en concentraciones muy bajas evitaba las fases iniciales de carcinogénesis en las glándulas mamarias de ratones de laboratorio.
En este sentido, otro estudio realizado por la Universidad de Oporto, que valoraba el comportamiento de tres compuestos fenólicos (el galato de epigalocatequina del té, el resveratrol del vino tinto y el xanthohumol de la cerveza) en el control del crecimiento celular en el cáncer de mama, confirmaba que el xanthohumol encontrado en la cerveza fue el polifenol que más redujo las células cancerígenas en este tipo de cáncer, mostrando sus efectos más rápidamente en concentraciones más bajas.
Por su parte, la doctora Marina Pollán, del Servicio de Epidemiología del Cáncer del Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, afirmó que el Grupo Español de Investigación en Cáncer de Mama (GEICAM), la asociación más importante en España en este ámbito, ha iniciado una investigación para valorar la relación entre el cáncer de mama y el consumo habitual de cerveza.
The most power Anti-Oxidant available
BioNovix Meridium XN with Xanthohumol
The most power Anti-Oxidant available. 6x more power than citrus antioxidants
. Bionovix scientific research indicates that the active ingredients in MeridiumXN, when taken daily, can help your body eliminate metabolic waste and may prevent the harmful chemical reactions associated with metabolic stress and metabolic syndrome.
Reduce metabolic stress and bring your body back to metabolic balance.
Our flagship products represent the cutting-edge in consumer health care based on leading scientific research. We are dedicated to providing you with powerful tools that help you bring your health and well-being under direct control.
Meridium is a broad spectrum health and wellness solution!
• Powerful antioxidant
• Reinforces healthy metabolic activity
• Enhances the elimination of metabolic waste and toxins
• Eliminate free radicals and other sources of oxidative stress
• Helps maintain a healthy heart
• Helps maintain healthy cholesterol levels
• Accelerates weight loss and helps keep weight off
• Helps maintain healthy eye cornea and retina
• Helps maintain healthy glucose and insulin levels
• Protects against viruses, bacteria and fungi
• Acts as a non-thermogenic energy enhancer
• Helps maintain mood and focus
• Reduces the long-term risk of serious health problems
• Improves skin tone and color
• Helps maintain clear, healthy eyes
• Helps fight poor sleep and insomnia
• Restores, protects, and vitalizes your health.
Meridium XN is a proprietary, patented and patent pending, enhanced therapeutic formulation of xanthohumol, the bioactive molecule found in hops. A wealth of established research shows that xanthohumol acts as a potent wellness agent in the body and plays an active role in counteracting a wide range of conditions associated with chronic health problems.
Meridium XN is the first and only health product that makes xanthohumol available in a form you can metabolize. Our enhanced formulation of this powerful molecule and wellness solution represents over four years of research and development. Don’t take our word for it, try it yourself!
FAQ’s
What is Metabolic Stress
Metabolic stress refers to the broad spectrum of problems that affect our metabolic activity. Metabolic activity is the sum total of all the biochemical reactions in the cells, tissues, and organs of our bodies. Metabolic stress includes all the potential breakdowns in our metabolic activity and all the harmful by-products of metabolism that affect our health. Metabolic stress includes oxidative stress, but also includes many other dysfunctions that impact the heart and cholesterol levels, weight gain and loss, blood sugar levels, glucose and insulin regulation, energy level, mood, and focus. Metabolic stress consists of several potential problems and harmful by-products of metabolic activity in the body.
Metabolic Stress
By now, almost everyone understands the need for supplementing their diet with antioxidants. Antioxidants reduce oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a harmful by-product of metabolic activity in the body. Oxidative stress causes damage to cells and tissues. Metabolic stress refers to the broad spectrum of problems that affect our metabolic activity. Metabolic activity is the sum total of all the biochemical reactions in the cells, tissues, and organs of our bodies. Metabolic stress includes all the potential breakdowns in our metabolic activity and all the harmful by-products of metabolism that affect our health. Metabolic stress includes oxidative stress, but also includes many other dysfunctions that impact the heart and cholesterol levels, weight gain and loss, blood sugar levels, glucose and insulin regulation, energy level, mood, and focus. Metabolic stress consists of several potential problems and harmful by-products of metabolic activity in the body.
Free radical production and oxidative stress are only one small part of an unhealthy metabolism. As medical science has expanded its understanding of the root causes of health problems, something more basic and more widespread than oxidative stress has come to light in the last 10 years — metabolic stress. Metabolic stress includes many problems that affect the biochemical pathways in our body.
Metabolic stress causes actual damage to your cells and tissues, and leads to the breakdown of the metabolic functions that keep you healthy. Metabolic stress also produces more metabolic waste and toxins than your body can rid itself of. Over time, metabolic stress leads to serious health problems.
Metabolic Syndrome
The conditions associated with metabolic stress can also lead to a serious health condition known as Metabolic Syndrome. More than 50 million Americans have Metabolic Syndrome. The number of people with Metabolic Syndrome increases with age. Metabolic Syndrome affects more than 40% of people over 60 years of age. To find out more about Metabolic Syndrome, click here for information from The Cleveland Clinic, one of the nation’s leading medical research centers.
But What If I’m Healthy?
If you’re healthy, you want to stay healthy. Metabolic stress is caused by everyday activities and experiences such as eating, exercise, and mental/emotional stress. The more you exercise, for example, the harder your metabolism works, and the more metabolic stress your body undergoes.
While you may be healthy now, no one knows whether they will remain healthy in the years to come. All too often, serious health problems affect even those who eat right and exercise regularly.
Everything we do, whether we are healthy or not, produces metabolic stress, metabolic waste and metabolic toxins. We generally aren’t able to eliminate the harmful by-products of metabolic activity as fast as we produce them. And so they accumulate in our bodies. Mental and emotional stress, diet, pollution, and strenuous physical activity increase the rate at which metabolic stress affects and interferes with the basic chemistry of our bodies.
So What’s the Solution?
We’re sure you’ve guessed by now. MeridiumXN, with the enhanced active ingredient xanthohumol, is the first single solution to metabolic stress and overall wellness.
Just like antioxidants were “new” in the early 1990s (despite decades of earlier research), the discoveries of the bioactive properties of MeridiumXN have only recently begun to receive widespread attention. And until now, there has been no simple, healthy way to get MeridiumXN’s active ingredient and the benefits of xanthohumol into your body. (If you drink 22 beers a day, you probably aren’t interested in a health supplement anyway.)
Meridium XN
We are proud and excited to offer the first enhanced bioavailable formulation of xanthohumol in our MeridiumXN liquid solution and capsules. MeridiumXN is the ultimate antidote to the stresses of lifestyle, diet, pollution, exercise, and aging.
One more thing about MeridiumXN: the healthier you are, the more you feel it. It’s hard to describe what you feel….some call it energized, others say it relaxes them, still others say they can focus better and do more work. People who take it before bedtime report falling asleep more easily and sleeping better. People who take it in the morning say it both calms and energizes them, as well as lifts their mood. Those who do feel it, feel it right away - within minutes of taking MeridiumXN. Whatever the feeling is, it’s a good one.
We know, we know……
Everything we’re saying about MeridiumXN….we know it’s too good to be true. The only thing is, it is true. But don’t take our word for it, try it yourself!!